Acetic Acid Chemical Formula

Acetic Acid / Ethanoic Acid

Acetic acid is a type of  industrial chemical usage. Many application use acetic acid for their industry to process final products like textile, food and others.

Acetic Acid / Ethanoic Acid formula is CH₃COOH means it has two carbon (C) atoms, four hydrogen (H) atoms and two oxygen (O) atoms with CAS number 64-19-7 and HS Code 29152100. Some people say this product with Glacial acetic acid, Methanecarboxylic acid but in regular market names as Acetic Acid and Glacial acetic acid. The form of Glacial acetic acid is clearly liquid.

In kitchen your can found acetic acid with concentration 4% - 8% with names as Vinegar that means its very functional in our daily life. Now, this is history about manufacturing processing of acetic acid :

The first production route for acetic acid was aerobic fermentation of ethanol. The ethanol is catalytically dehydrogenated or oxidised to acetaldehyde, which in turn is oxidised to acetic acid. While this technology is old, in 2001 Perkebunan Nusantara X built a 30,000 tonnes/year molasses-based acetic acid plant in Jakarta, Indonesia. In addition, Celanese announced that it was exploring a biocatalytic route to acetic acid in collaboration with Diversa.

In 1913, BASF discovered that methanol could be carbonylated to acetic acid.  BASF started its first methanol carbonylation plant in 1960 using cobalt iodide as a catalyst. Synthesis took place at around 250oC and at pressures up to 10 000 psi.

In the 1970s, Monsanto developed the rhodium/iodide catalyst system for methanol carbonylation. In 1986, ownership of the Monsanto technology was acquired by BP Chemicals, which further developed the process. The rhodium-catalysed methanol carbonylation process is highly selective and operates under mild reaction pressure (around 500 psi).

In 1996, BP announced details of a new advance in methanol carbonylation technology for acetic acid and claimed significantly lower production costs. The Cativa process uses a catalyst system based on iridium, in conjunction with several novel promoters, such as rhenium, ruthenium and osmium.

The iridium catalyst system has a higher activity compared with the rhodium process, produces fewer byproducts, and is able to operate at reduced water levels (less than 5% for Cativa versus 14-15% with the Monsanto process). All of these factors combine to allow plants to increase their capacity at relatively low capital cost.

In the 1980s, Celanese developed its proprietary AO Plus (Acid Optimisation Plus) technology, greatly improving the Monsanto process. The AO Plus technology was achieved in part by increasing the rhodium catalyst stability by adding inorganic iodide (primarily lithium iodide) in high concentrations, permitting a dramatic reduction in water concentration (to roughly 4-5% water) in the reactor while maintaining a high carbonylation rate. This subsequently reduces the separation costs involved.

Process development in methanol carbonylation is still continuing. Chiyoda has recently developed an acetic acid process, Acetica, which uses a heterogeneous supported catalyst system and a bubble column reactor. It is reported that the supported catalyst system leads to high productivity, improved rhodium management, and produces an acetic acid yield of more than 99% from methanol.

The Acetica process can be operated at a low water content in the range 3-8 wt% of the reactor liquid. The reactor has a low hydrogen iodide concentration and subsequently a less corrosive environment. The use of the bubble column reactor eliminates the need for high pressure seals required with stirred tank reactors. This feature allows the use of low purity carbon monoxide since operating pressures can be increased (up to 900 psi) to maintain optimum carbon monoxide partial pressure.

 Ethylene oxidation

The liquid phase oxidation of acetaldehyde (using air or oxygen) in the presence of manganese acetate, cobalt acetate, or copper acetate is still used, especially in Europe. This route to acetic acid production generally uses acetaldehyde as an intermediate via oxidation of ethylene (Wacker process).

Showa Denko has developed a one-step, vapour phase process for the production of acetic acid by direct oxidation of ethylene. Owing to relatively reduced capital outlays needed, the Showa Denko ethylene based process is claimed to be economical for 50 000-100 000 tonne/year acetic acid plants.

Showa Denko's process is based on a supported palladium based catalyst containing three components. The reaction takes place in a fixed bed reactor at 150-160oC. Selectivity to acetic acid is believed to be over 86%.

Alkane oxidation

The oxidation of n-butane and light naphtha (which contains low boiling hydrocarbons, especially pentanes and hexanes) is carried out at 160-200oC. The oxidation can be carried out catalytically, usually in the presence of cobalt or manganese, or non-catalytically.

The principal products are acetic acid and methylethylketone. Other organic products, however, such as ethanol, methanol, formic, propionic and butyric acids are also produced. It is unlikely that any new acetic acid plants using non-selective alkane oxidation will be built in the future.

In 2001, Sabic announced its intention to build a 30,000 tonnes/year acetic acid semi-works plant based on a proprietary catalytic oxidation process. According to Sabic patents, ethane is oxidised with either pure oxygen or air at temperatures ranging from 150-450oC and at pressures ranging from 15-750 psi, to form acetic acid.

The new Sabic catalyst system, which is a calcined mixture of oxides of Mo, V, Nb and Pd, allows selectivities to acetic acid as high as 71%. Combining this technology with low cost ethane may result in production economics competitive with methanol carbonylation technology.

After know the history of technology make acetic acid, What the application and major industry used acetic acid?

Production of Vinyl Acetate Monomer

A majority of the acetic acid that is produced is used to produce vinyl acetate monomer, or VAM. Vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) is a building block that is used in many industries to make paints, adhesives, packaging and others application

Production of Acetic Anhydride

Here is another major application of acetic acid; it is used to produce a chemical called acetic anhydride. The major application of acetic anhydride is to make a substance called cellulose acetate, which is used to make a cellulose acetate film that is used in photography. Acetic anhydride is also used to produce heroin as well.

Production of Ester

Esters have a very sweet fruity smell.  Naturally occurring esters are found in fruits.  An ester is a product of the reaction of an acid (usually organic) and an alcohol (the hydrogen of the acid R-COOH is replaced by an alkyl group R').  Esters mainly result from the condensation (a reaction that produces water) of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Esters have the general formula R-COOR', and application for fragrances and found in essential oils and pheromones.

On the shipment section, acetic acid is dangerous cargo with the classified as :Flammable liquids - Category 4, Corrosive to Metals - Category 1, Skin Corrosion - Sub-category 1B and Eye Damage - Category 1. and you can find the MSDS of acetic acid. Before shipment doing, the exporter must apply DG cargo application to shipping line and approval by the vessel operator. On container yard, acetic acid also have special handling like hydrogen peroxide.

After approval getting by the exporter, stuffing can be done and sent to container yard.

Packing of acetic acid can be in jerry can 50 Kgs , drums 200 Kgs  and ISO tank container for 20 MT.
 
 We also capture last shipment to India for acetic acid  in below:-

Date	Description Of Goods	Origin	Quantity
20-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Singapore	837,180
19-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	China	488,118
19-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	China	833,869
17-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	China	1,728,753
17-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	China	406,765
17-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	China	406,765
17-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Germany	266,350
16-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Germany	19,566
16-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Germany	105,746
16-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Germany	5,724
16-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Germany	56,919
16-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Germany	46,247
16-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	China	19,321,356
16-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Singapore	418,590
13-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Singapore	400,634
13-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Singapore	16,800
13-May-16	GLACIAL ACETIC ACID	Belgium	1,253

Keywords: Acetic Acid, Glacial acetic acid, Acetic Acid Chemical Formula, manufacturing acetic acid, handling shipment acetic acid, uses of acetic acid, vinegar, shipment data acetic acid.

Gum Rosin Suppliers

Gum Rosin Suppliers

Now, we talk about gum rosin, The question is what is gum rosin? Who the gum rosin suppliers? That's it..let we writing about gum rosin.

What is Gum Rosin? 

Gum rosin is also called colophony or Greek pitch, is a solid form of Pine oleo resin from pine trees, The process is taping of pine tress and getting of oleo pine resin. The Oleo Pine resin processing by distillation for producing of gum rosin. Rosin is a semitransparent substance with its colour varying from light yellow to almost black.Rosin obtained through distillation is often referred to as gum rosin to distinguish it from Tall Oil Rosin (TOR) and wood rosin. TOR is a by product of the kraft pulping process, while wood rosin is obtained from processing tree stumps aftercutting the trees down.

The global gum rosin suppliers is China ( 50%), Brazil ( 20%), Indonesia ( 15%) , Vietnam ( 10%) and others country

Now, After manufacturing, Gum rosin also have a grade, Grade means different grades based on the color and the softening point of the rosin. Softening point is the temperature in which rosin may deform under pressure. The color can be name like : Grade X ( Slightly Yellow), Grade WW ( Pale Yellow),  Grade WG ( Yellow) , Grade N ( Deep Yellow), Grade M ( Yellow Brown) and Grade M ( Yellow Red).

Grade of WW is more seeking by importers for their raw material and Gum Rosin Suppliers always have this grade. In Indonesia, forestry products hold by Indonesia forestry Department. They are monitor all forestry product export to many country. 

What the application of Gum Rosin ? 

Many application can be implement for Gum Rosin, Like Paint Industry, Its can provide smoothness to the coated surface, in rubber industry as softening of rubber, Soap Industry also use it and ink industry.

Industrial demand

Industrial demand for resins from the food industry

Growing demand for processed foods in emerging markets and growing demand for natural foods drove global food additives sales to an estimated €27 billion in 2013. Between 2009 and 2013, the additives market increased by 5.4%
annually (Leatherhead Food, 2014).

Despite growth in the global additives market, the German food industry constitutes only a small market for resins. For example, the food industry is estimated to account for less than 5% of the market for rosin. Manufacturers only
use resins or their derivatives as additives in small amounts and for very few applications. For example, they use rosin as a glazing agent for chewing gum.Industrial demand for resins from the cosmetics industry

Germany is the leading European market for natural cosmetics, as opposed to cosmetics with mainly synthetic ingredients. In the first half of 2013, the German market for certified natural cosmetics grew by 10%. The expected  turnover for that year amounted to €950 million.

The natural trend is the main driver of industrial demand for resins in cosmetics. However, within the cosmetics industry, the use of resins in perfumes shows less growth than other uses. There is more product development for other segments of the cosmetics industry. Industrial demand from the pharmaceutical industry

Although the German pharmaceutical industry is sizeable, it is an insignificant market for resins from Nepal. In fact, rosin is not allowed as a pharmaceutical ingredient or in food supplements.

If you want inquiry gum rosin from Indonesia, We can supply it, Please contact us

 

 

Toluene Di- Isocyanate Manufacturers

Toluene Di- Isocyanate  Manufacturers

If you sourcing Toluene Di- Isocyanate for your industry, Its better you consulting with us for the best manufacture for this Toluene Di- Isocyanate. We can given you a best price and a good quality where we have a reliable and trusted manufacture have relationship with us.

We have strong relationship with manufacture Toluene Di- Isocyanate in Korea, China and India.   We also given you a list of supplier of Toluene Di- Isocyanate in the world:

> International Laboratory USA | Address: 100 Produce Ave Ste G South, San Francisco, California 94080, USA USA

www.intlab.org | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(650)-278-9963

> BOC Sciences | Address: 45-16 Ramsey Road, Shirley, New York 11967, USA USA

www.bocsci.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(631)-398-3562 |

Call options

jessica.byee

N-[(S)-1-Carbethoxy-1-butyl]-(S)-alanine | 4-Aminophenol | 5-Methylnicotinic acid

> Parchem Fine & Specialty Chemicals | Address: 415 Huguenot Street, New Rochelle, New York 10801, USA USA

www.parchem.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(914)-654-6800

Petro | Inorganic | API

> Haihang Industry Co., Ltd. | Address: 2/F, East Tower, Bldg 12, No. 2 Qilihe Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China China

www.haihangchem.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(531)-88032799

> Jinan Haohua Industry Co., Ltd. | Address: No.59 Gongye South Rd, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China China

www.jnhaohua.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(531)-58773055

> Hangzhou Dayangchem Co.Limited | Address: 9/F,Unit 2 Changdi Torch Building,259# Wensan Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China China

www.chinadayangchem.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(571)-88938639

> Triveni Chemicals | Address: 135 Pancharatna Char Rasta, G.I.D.C, Vapi, Gujarat 396 195, India India

www.trivenichemical.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +91-(260)-6618618

Fine Chemicals | Anti Rust Chemicals | Alumino Fluoroaluminate

> Zhejiang J&C Biological Technology Co.,Limited | Address: No. 10, Xuefuwuqu, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, China China

www.chem-factory.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-05704698529

6-Hydroxypicolinic acid | Oxyclozanide | Arbidol hydrochloride

> Shanghai T&W Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Address: 601, No. 1, 2277 Nong, Zu Chongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hightech Park, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China China

www.trustwe.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(21)-61551611 |

Call options

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Pharmaceuticals | Healthcare | Bio-Pesticide

> Neostar United Industrial Co., Ltd. | Address: Yangtze River North Road, Binjiang Economic Development Zone, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213033, China China

www.neostarunited.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(519)-85557386

Zilpaterol | Tenofovir | Conivaptan

> A.M Food Chemical Co., Limited | Address: No,12406, jingshi road, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China China

www.amfoodchem.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(531)-87100375 |

Call options

amfoodchem  | QQ: 1214669844 QQ

Sweeteners | Sodium Saccharin | Aspartame

> Struchem Co., Ltd. | Address: Wujiang Science & Technology Innovation Park, Room 201, Building 5, No. 2358 Chang'an Rd, Wujiang, Jiangsu 215200, China China

www.struchem.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(512)-63009836

Fine Chemicals | Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients | Research Chemicals

> Finetech Industry Limited | Address: Guanggu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430073, China China

www.finetechnology-ind.com/product/All%20product%20List/26471-62-5.html | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(27)-87772287

Home Page | Product Page | Hot Products

> Sacon Industry Co.,Limited | Address: Bldg 2,Singapore Industrial Park,NO.6 Street HEDA, Hangzhou City 310018, China China

Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(571)-88376726

> Finipharma Limited | Address: 18/F,No.6 Changhong Road Nengda CBD, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China China

www.finipharma.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(513)-85337953

Cardiovascular APIs | Anti-Virus APIs | Androgen APIs

> Conier Chem & Pharma Limited | Address: 5th Building,Asia Pacific Enterprise Valley, Chongqing 400060, China China

www.conier.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(23)-62922305

Intermediates | Fine Chemicals | APIs

> Simagchem Corporation | Address: 21F Hulong Office Bldg,No.6 Hubin East Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China China

www.simagchem.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(592)-2680277

Petrochemicals | Octane Booster | 2-Ethylhexyl Nitrate

> Health Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Address: No.17, South Round Road, ZhangJiaGang City, Jiangsu Province 215600, China China

www.healthchemicals.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(512)-58277800

Fine Chemicals | Vitamins | Specialty Chemicals

Bayer MaterialScience LLC | Address: 100 Bayer Rd, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15205-9741, USA USA

www.BayerMaterialScienceNAFTA.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(412)-777-2000

Griffin International Incorporated | Address: 80 Westchester Square, 2nd Floor, Bronx, New York 10461, USA USA

www.griffin-intl.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(718)-794 3113

Sigma-Aldrich Inc. | Address: P O Box 355, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA USA

www.sigmaaldrich.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(800)-231-8327 FREE

Arco Chemical Co. | Address: 3801 West Chester Pike, Newtown Square, Pennsylvania 19073, USA USA

Phone: +1-(610)-359 2000

U.S. Chemicals, LLC | Address: 16 Thorndal Circle, Darien, Connecticut 06820, USA USA

www.uschemicals.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(203)-655-8878

The Chemical Company | Address: 19 Narragansett Ave., P.O Box 436, Jamestown, Rhode Island 02835-043, USA USA

www.thechemco.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(401)-423 3100

Celanese Chemical Co.Inc. | Address: 1601, W. LBJ Freeway, Dallas, Texas 75381-6034, USA USA

www.celanesechemicals.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +1-(972)-443-4000

Manohar Chemicals | Address: # 81, Huriopet Laxmanrao Road, Balppet Cross, Opp. Srinivas Lodge, Bangalore, Karnataka 560053, India India

Phone: +91-(80)-22080228

Cure Chem India | Address: D-3/3582, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, Delhi 110070, India India

www.curechem.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +91-(11)-26898689, 26139884

Tianjin HongShengLi Chemical Co., Ltd.. | Address: No.188,Yongan Road,Hexi District, Tianjin 300200, China China

Phone: +86-(22)-23248771

Sinochem International Corporation | Address: 18/F.,Jinmao Tower, No.88 Century Boulevard, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200121, China China

www.sinochemintl.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(21)-61048666

USR Hongkong Ltd. | Address: 25A3, 24th Floor, Unit 2,DongHaiShiJia, 41 DongHai Road, Qingdao 266071, China China

Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(532)-86675573-119

Beijing Auxin Chemical Technology Limited | Address: 26th Floor, Tengda Plaza, No.168 Xiwai Street, Haidian District Beijing 100044, China China

www.auxin-tech.com.cn | Send Inquiry | Phone: 0086 10 88577700

Jinan Laien Chemical Co., Ltd. | Address: 28 Gongye Rd. South, Jinan High-tech Zone, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China China

www.laienchem.com | Send Inquiry | Phone: +86-(531)-81921280

You can contact them and asking about the price and compare with our price.

What is Toluene Di- Isocyanate

2,4-Toluene diisocyanate is primarily used as a chemical intermediate in the production of polyurenthane products.  2,4-Toluene diisocyanate is extremely toxic from acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) exposures.  Acute exposure to high levels of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate in humans, via inhalation, results in severe irritation of the skin and eyes and affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems (CNS).  Chronic inhalation exposure to 2,4-toluene diisocyanate in humans has resulted in significant decreases in lung function in workers, an asthma-like reaction characterized by wheezing, dyspnea, and bronchial constriction.  Animal studies have reported significantly increased incidences of tumors of the pancreas, liver, and mammary glands from exposure to 2,4-toluene diisocyanate via gavage (experimentally placing the chemical in the stomach).  The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified 2,4-toluene diisocyanate as a Group 2B, possible human carcinogen.

 Application of  Toluene Di- Isocyanate

used in the production of flexible polyurethane foam and other polyurethane applications including elastomers,synthetic eather,coated fabrics,paints and adhesives.

 

Rock Phosphate Fertilizer Indonesia Market Analysis

What is Rock Phosphate?

Rock Phosphate is a mineral where have high content of phosphorus. Its use as a organic fertilizer in agriculture. Phosphorus is main factor for ingredient of compound fertilizer with symbol P.    Many grade of rock phosphate in market now and many country have stock rock phosphate. Grade available on market now at level 27% until 32%. 

Rock Phosphate in chemical symbol with P2O5 with the general specification in below:-

P2O5 : 32% min.

BPL : 70% min
CaO : 45% SiO2: 10%
MgO : 1.5%
R2O3 : 2.5%
Fe2O3 : 1%
Al2O3 : 1%
Floride : 3%
Moisture : 3% max
Type : Powder

Color : Yellow

On Indonesia, in addition to local Indonesian products, imported products are also widely circulated. Generally levels of rock phosphate imported products ranging from 27% of total P2O5. In the previous era of imported products often contain a total P2O5 > 30%, but decreased as a deposit, content standards tend to be lowered. Noted rock-phosphate type circulating named in the place of origin of products, including:
ERP  (= Egyptian Rock Phosphate)
CIRP (= Christmas Island Rock Phosphate)
CRP  (= China Rock Phosphate)
JRP   (= Jordan Rock Phosphate)

Currently China and Christmas island not export again to worldwide due the regulation of exporting country. Indonesia also implement a national standardization for quality of rock phosphate will be come in to Indonesia. This rule must be implement by importer and exporter also.

   

Application of Rock Phosphate

1.Fertilizer Industry
-Direct application: phosphate rocks can be used on acidic soils where soil acidity slowly releases- plant available P.
-Fertilizer manufacturing: produce triple superphosphate(TSP) where Phosphoric acid is reacted with phosphate rock and with anhydrous ammonia to produce the ammonium phosphate (DAP).

2.Animal Feed Supplement: 

to ensure optimal growth, fertility and bone development. Industrial feed phosphate production is technically pure (ortho) phosphoric acid (H3PO4) which is obtained from the apatite in a wet chemical process. Wet process phosphoric acid is prepared by adding sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to apatite or tricalcium phosphate rock.

3.Industrial Chemical: 

Phosphorus from rock phosphate is also used in food preservatives, anti-corrosion agents, cosmetics, fungicides, ceramics, water treatment and metallurgy.

Rock Phosphate Market Analysis

In Sumatera Island, Rock Phosphate application as fertilizer in palm oil plantations, rubber plantations and vegetable plantations. Total area of ​​palm oil plantation of approximately 5 million acres where one acre contain 134 trees of palm oil. The consumption of Rock Phosphate very big in this field.  Palm oil trees need minimum 2 Kg of Rock Phosphate per year and palm oil plantation need 1.3 million metric ton/year.
Main players of Rock Phosphate in Sumatera: PT Multi Mas Chemindo, PT Sentana Adidaya Pratama (WILMAR Group), PT Bumi Tani Subur (Tani Jaya) and PT Rolimex Kimia Nusamas (Sinar Mas Group). They buying raw material from Egypt, Christmas Island and China and processing in their plant, packing in 50 kg pp bag and sale to plantations and local market.
Method Rock Phosphate import to belawan port:-
1.Bulk Shipment:  Vessel loading rock phosphate as mineral stone which the importers carry to their plant and processing the stone with stone crushing to be powder and packing to 50 Kg PP bags
2.Bulk Shipment: Vessel loading rock phosphate in jumbo bags packing and the importer processing to re packing in their warehouse to 50 Kg PP bags
3.Container Shipment:  Rock phosphate already packing in 50 Kg PP bags from the origin country.